Đang học Lý mà thấy bài nguyên hàm hay hay nên nhảy vô luôn :b

\(I_1=\int\limits^1_0xf\left(x\right)dx\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=f\left(x\right)\\dv=xdx\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=f'\left(x\right)dx\\v=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\int xf\left(x\right)dx=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2f\left(x\right)-\dfrac{1}{2}\int x^2f'\left(x\right)dx\)

\(\Rightarrow\int\limits^1_0xf\left(x\right)dx=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2|^1_0-\dfrac{1}{2}\int\limits^1_0x^2f'\left(x\right)dx=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right)\right]^2dx=\dfrac{3}{10}\Rightarrow\int\limits^1_0x^2f'\left(x\right)dx=\dfrac{3}{5}\)

Đoạn này hơi rối xíu, ông để ý kỹ nhé, nhận thấy ta có 2 dữ kiện đã biết, là: \(\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right)\right]^2dx=\dfrac{9}{5}and\int\limits^1_0x^2f'\left(x\right)dx=\dfrac{3}{5}\) có gì đó liên quan đến hằng đẳng thức, nên ta sẽ sử dụng luôn

\(\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right)+tx^2\right]^2dx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right)\right]^2dx+2t\int\limits^1_0x^2f'\left(x\right)dx+t^2\int\limits^1_0x^4dx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{9}{5}+\dfrac{6}{5}t+\dfrac{1}{5}t^2=0\)  \(\left(\int\limits^1_0x^4dx=\dfrac{1}{5}x^5|^1_0=\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)\(\)\(\Leftrightarrow t=-3\Rightarrow\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right)-3x^2\right]^2dx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow f'\left(x\right)=3x^2\Leftrightarrow f\left(x\right)=x^3+C\)

\(\Rightarrow\int\limits^1_0f\left(x\right)dx=\int\limits^1_0x^3dx=\dfrac{1}{4}x^4|^1_0=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

P/s: Có gì ko hiểu hỏi mình nhé !

\(f'\left(x\right)=f'\left(1-x\right)\Rightarrow\int f'\left(x\right)dx=\int f'\left(1-x\right)dx\)

\(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=-f\left(1-x\right)+C\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)+f\left(1-x\right)=C\)

Thay \(x=0\Rightarrow f\left(0\right)+f\left(1\right)=C\Rightarrow C=42\)

\(\Rightarrow\int\limits^1_0\left[f\left(x\right)+f\left(1-x\right)\right]dx=\int\limits^1_042dx=42\)

Xét \(I=\int\limits^1_0f\left(1-x\right)dx\)

Đặt \(1-x=u\Rightarrow dx=-du;\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\Rightarrow u=1\\x=1\Rightarrow u=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\int\limits^0_1f\left(u\right).\left(-du\right)=\int\limits^1_0f\left(u\right).du=\int\limits^1_0f\left(x\right)dx\)

\(\Rightarrow2\int\limits^1_0f\left(x\right)dx=42\Rightarrow\int\limits^1_0f\left(x\right)dx=21\)

Xét \(I=\int\limits^1_0x.f\left(3x\right)dx\)

Đặt \(3x=u\Rightarrow dx=\dfrac{1}{3}du\) ; \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\Rightarrow u=0\\x=1\Rightarrow u=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=\dfrac{1}{9}\int\limits^3_0u.f\left(u\right)du=\dfrac{1}{9}\int\limits^3_0x.f\left(x\right)dx=1\)

\(\Rightarrow J=\int\limits^3_0x.f\left(x\right)dx=9\)

Xét J, đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=f\left(x\right)\\dv=x.dx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=f'\left(x\right)dx\\v=\dfrac{x^2}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow J=\dfrac{x^2}{2}.f\left(x\right)|^3_0-\dfrac{1}{2}\int\limits^3_0x^2.f'\left(x\right)dx=\dfrac{9}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}\int\limits^3_0x^2.f'\left(x\right)dx\)

\(\Rightarrow\int\limits^3_0x^2.f'\left(x\right)dx=9-2J=-9\)

\(3\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right).f^2\left(x\right)+\frac{1}{9}\right]dx\le2\int\limits^1_0\sqrt{f'\left(x\right)}f\left(x\right)dx\) (1)

Ta lại có:

\(3f'\left(x\right).f^2\left(x\right)+\frac{1}{3}\ge2\sqrt{f'\left(x\right)}.f\left(x\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow3\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right).f^2\left(x\right)+\frac{1}{9}\right]\ge2\int\limits^1_0\sqrt{f'\left(x\right)}.f\left(x\right)dx\) (2)

Từ (1); (2) \(\Rightarrow3\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right).f^2\left(x\right)+\frac{1}{9}\right]dx=2\int\limits^1_0\sqrt{f'\left(x\right)}.f\left(x\right)dx\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:

\(3f'\left(x\right).f^2\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{3}\Rightarrow3\int f'\left(x\right).f^2\left(x\right)dx=\int\frac{1}{3}dx\)

\(\Rightarrow f^3\left(x\right)=\frac{x}{3}+C\)

Thay \(x=0\Rightarrow f^3\left(0\right)=C\Rightarrow C=1\)

\(\Rightarrow f^3\left(x\right)=\frac{x}{3}+1\Rightarrow\int\limits^1_0f^3\left(x\right)dx=\int\limits^1_0\left(\frac{x}{3}+1\right)dx=\frac{7}{6}\)

Lâu lắm mới thấy bà :3

Khi gặp dạng này, ý tưởng là sẽ tìm 1 hàm u(x) sao cho:

\(\int\limits^b_a\left[f'\left(x\right)-u\left(x\right)\right]^2dx=0\) (1)

\(\Rightarrow f'\left(x\right)-u\left(x\right)=0\Rightarrow f'\left(x\right)=u\left(x\right)\)

Khai triển (1), đề cho sẵn \(\left[f'\left(x\right)\right]^2\)  nên đại lượng \(2u\left(x\right).f'\left(x\right)\) và hàm \(u\left(x\right)\) sẽ được suy ra từ việc tích phân từng phần \(\int\limits f\left(x\right)dx\). Cụ thể:

Xét \(I=\dfrac{2}{3}=\int\limits^2_0f\left(x\right)dx\)  

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=f\left(x\right)\\dv=dx\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=f'\left(x\right)dx\\v=x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow I=x.f\left(x\right)|^2_0-\int\limits^2_0xf'\left(x\right)dx=2-\int\limits^2_0xf'\left(x\right)dx\)

\(\Rightarrow\int\limits^2_0xf'\left(x\right)dx=2-\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{4}{3}\) (2)

(Vậy đến đây hàm \(u\left(x\right)\) được xác định là dạng \(u\left(x\right)=k.x\)

Để tìm cụ thể giá trị k:

Từ (1) ta suy luận tiếp:

\(\int\limits^2_0\left[f'\left(x\right)-kx\right]^2dx=0\Leftrightarrow\int\limits^2_0\left[f'\left(x\right)\right]^2-2k\int\limits^2_0x.f'\left(x\right)dx+\int\limits^2_0k^2x^2dx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{3}-2k.\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{8}{3}k^2=0\) do \(\int\limits^2_0x^2dx=\dfrac{8}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow k=\dfrac{1}{2}\) 

\(\Rightarrow u\left(x\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}x\) coi như xong bài toán)

Do đó ta có:

\(\int\limits^2_0\left[f'\left(x\right)\right]^2-\int\limits^2_0xf'\left(x\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\int\limits^2_0x^2dx=\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}.\dfrac{8}{3}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\int\limits^2_0\left[f'\left(x\right)-\dfrac{1}{2}x\right]^2dx=0\)

\(\Rightarrow f'\left(x\right)-\dfrac{1}{2}x=0\)

\(\Rightarrow f'\left(x\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}x\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}x^2+C\)

Thay \(x=2\Rightarrow1=1+C\Rightarrow C=0\)

\(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}x^2\)

đặt :

\(F\left(x\right)=\int_0^{x^2}f\left(t\right)dt=xsin\left(\pi x\right)\Leftrightarrow F\left(x^2\right)-F\left(0\right)=xsin\)

\(\left(\pi x\right)\Leftrightarrow F\left(x^2\right)=F\left(0\right)+xsin\left(\pi x\right)\)

lấy đạo hàm \(2\) vế , ta có :

\(\left(F\left(0\right)\right)'=sin\left(\pi x\right)+\pi xcos\left(\pi x\right)+\left(F\left(0\right)\right)'\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2xf\left(x^2\right)=sin\left(\pi x\right)+\pi xcos\left(\pi x\right)\)

thay \(x=2\) , ta có :

\(2.2.f\left(4\right)=sin\left(2\pi\right)+2\pi cos\left(2\pi\right)\Leftrightarrow4f\left(4\right)=2\pi\Leftrightarrow f\left(4\right)=\dfrac{\pi}{2}\)